Summary of Pmi Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct

Project Management J Sainsbury PLC

Questions: The advanced work environment is progressively changing and numerous administrators end up with numerous difficulties one of which is that of dealing with a differing workforce. You are required to Apply Hofstedes Framework and fundamentally inspect how national societies sway hierarchical execution. Select one business association of your decision and assess basically the business advantages of successful decent variety the board. Answers: Presentation The report which I have accumulated is upon is J Sainsbury PLC, which is one of the principle food retailers in the UK. The essential association of J Sainsbury PLC is Sainsbury's supermarkets Ltd or even more normally known as Sainsbury's. Sainsbury's are the second greatest chain of supermarkets behind Tesco in the UK. The Sainsbury Association is the UK's longest standing genuine food retailing chain. J Sainsbury hierarchical society is a game plan of shared characteristics and feelings about what is basic, what practices are fitting and about opinions and associations inside and remotely. Sainsbury's assurance all of their staffs is furnished with the unmistakable uniform required. All ensembles are given by Sainsbury's to guarantee everyone is wearing like way. Social grouped characteristics remember the differentiations for the game plan of people from a relationship to the extent nationality, race, concealing, sexual direction, teaching, religion or age. The positive effect of grouped social characteristics supports individuals from the Sainsbury relationship to fabricate associations and remember each other paying little brain to their abberations of cause and establishment. In this report, the Hofstedes hypothesis has been applied. Writing Review Hofstedes Theory Numerous people groups are at present swinging to the work done by Geert Hofstede something close to 1967 and 1973. Utilized by IBM at that point, the instructor assembled and separated data from in excess of 200,000 individuals in 49nations to add to his Cultural Dimensions Model (DAINTON, 2015). IDV, the primary measurement Freedom focuses on the degree to which the overall population fortifies individual or total achievement. The Individualism Dimension for China was scored at just 14. By assessment, the U.S. score for IDV is 89! The peculiarly low IDV score is showed up through comparative and presented part social occasions be they family, work or game gatherings. Unwavering quality is an exceedingly significant trademark in an overall population where associations are dependable and is, along these lines, of focal criticalness to most Chinese people (Jungee Han, 2010). The collectivist contemplating society, for instance, China in like manner tends to be to a noteworthy degree parochial, with people and associations not changing providers delicately propelled by a suspicious dread of the impact on associations (Alliez and Goffey, 2011). PDI, the second measurement The Power Distance Index focuses fair and square of consistency, or awkwardness, between people in the country's overall population. An incredible Distance situating shows that disparities of impact and wealth have been allowed to create within general society on the loose. While the Western countries have a low PDI, China has a score of 78. This shows a high lopsidedness between people (Zhang, 2014). This condition isn't as usual compelled upon the people, regardless, genuinely, recognized by the overall population as the social inheritance. MAS, the third measurement The Masculinity Dimension focuses on the degree to which the overall population strengthens, or doesn't brace, the traditional solid work genuine case of male achievement, control, and force. A high Masculinity situating exhibits that the country experiences an elevated level of sexual direction detachment (Zakharova, 2014). This is the one estimation wherein China most alters itself to whatever remaining parts of the world, at the same time, it is normally totally missed by Western representatives, who accept that the women in China are dismissed. In spite of what may be normal, I have met a portion of China's business pioneers who are genuine and inspiring ladies. Try not to shake the male's hand first (Zakharova, 2014)! UAI, the fourth measurement The Uncertainty Avoidance Index focuses fair and square of obstruction for weakness and obscurity within overall population. A high Uncertainty Avoidance situating exhibits that the country has a little flexibility for helplessness and dubiousness. Results in the UAI, the USA scored just 44, indicating that it's an overall population with less standards and doesn't try to control all outcomes and results (Giuliani and Jones, 2010). It furthermore has a progressively top degree of flexibility for a variety of considerations, insights, and feelings. Then again, China scored lower, at just 31, demonstrating an impressively progressively liberal society. This score is misleading. LTO, the fifth measurement The Long Term Orientation shows another huge social clutter. China situated far higher than most various countries in this estimation, with a score of 114. This investigation shows an overall population's chance perspective and an aura of time decreases that is, the overall population's capacity to conquer hindrances after some time (Gediehn, 2010). By assessment, most Western social orders scored during the 20s! Impact of National culture on Organizational culture National society or culture is a plan of assumptions, characteristics, and measures, which are ordinary to a national gathering. It relied upon customs and developed the extent of conditions which may be inverse extraordinary, at times in minimal geographic partitions. National society or culture is especially essential in the course of action of business and educated society of PLC (Chen, 2006). The achievement of explicit private compelled association within a standard system brand depends on upon the limit of organization to change brought and found society. The harsh disguise of national culture can achieve impenetrability to such an extent, to the point that is the unavoidable withdrawal of organization, much the same as the case in Croatia and various countries came up related inquiry and all out use of standard. National culture liberally impacts the substance and criticalness of individual manners of thinking and needs of laborers (Southerton, 2011). All people from a nationa l society, clearly don't have similar needs and perspectives, as there are near and dear needs and expectations as a result of individual experience, sexual direction, and various traditions. Sainsbury Organizations whose social orders are the impression of the national network, express more fragile outcomes in countries with exceptionally inverse societies, as a result of customers in various nations won't totally understand or grasp the working strategies of an other society (Martin, 2002). National associations impact Sainsbury's position style, what should be noted as a corresponding to the way that corporate culture reflects the organization style. In this issue are particularly basic two estimations of national society: power partition and precariousness avoidance. Force detachment in the national culture clearly impacts the degree of centralization or decentralization in Sainsbury Company (Jain, 2015). High force partition brings about an exclusive expectation of centralizati on of decision making - in national social orders with high force detachment, delegates at low, and different leveled levels are excluded from the decision making process. Techniques For CULTURE Culture in this examination insinuates the social condition completely. It is estimated similar to the miens, feelings, principles and characteristics which everyone of a nation has and grip generally speaking (Becker and Murphy, 2000). The reason for the focal point of this examination is on how these thoughts sway direct grinding away and how this in this way change authoritative execution. The talk is shown in the blueprint underneath. Techniques for Performance Execution is the exhibition or accomplishment of work, assignments or goals to a specific degree of looked for satisfaction (Frankiewicz and Churchill, 2011). In this concentrate, regardless, various leveled execution is portrayed the extent that the limit of a relationship to satisfy the looked for wants of three key accomplices including owners, laborers, and customers. This is estimated similar to the going with parameters Proprietors' satisfaction with cash related returns or advantages from authoritative activities (Howard, 2010). Representatives' satisfaction with the conditions of work, for instance, wages and remuneration, style of oversight, quick progression and the limit of the relationship to guarantee proficient dependability (Lambert and Holzman, 2011). Representatives' imparted a longing to remain with the affiliation, i.e., the limit of the relationship to hold its workforce. Clients discussed satisfaction with the idea of the consequences of the affiliation. Conversation and Analysis Hofstedes idea expresses that he made a thorough reasonable structure identified with the principal issues of the human social orders. Contingent upon the countries and societies equivalent and univalent, he diminished the assorted variety in the units of investigation (Begag, 2007). Hofstede explains the rationale with respect to the authenticity of equity of ethnicity and broadly, joining of his examination technique, various societies scientists ought to consider the assortment of conduct to broaden which must be controlled by the ethnicity of individuals rather than national and political characterization. Neighborhood habitants should know the nearby societies and subcultures profoundly and should process this which can change the social idea of brain (Riordan and KruãÅ"ë†ger, 2003). Social points of view about countries will be improved by insinuating their ethnic subcultures of their nations (Clavir, 2002). Social Heterogeneity of nations is so

Sources For Peter Pan Essay Topics

Sources For Peter Pan Essay TopicsStudents who are interested in writing a thesis on Peter Pan should start by familiarizing themselves with the source material. Before they begin writing essays on Peter Pan, they should read or skim through the source material.This will give them a good idea of the type of essay topics that they will be faced with. Students should make sure to research as much about the source material as possible before they begin. This is important because they will be asked to do extra research for their assignment.Essay topics for Peter Pan can include the story's origins and development, the story's characters, and the experience of being a child. These are all topics that should be researched before students write an essay. When there is enough research done, students will be able to effectively present their ideas in the form of a paper.The children of Peter Pan are unique in their ability to express themselves in different themes. When students research the backgrounds of these children, they will be able to see how the author is able to get the characters right. They will also have an idea of what should be written about in the paper.In addition to researching the sources, students should also make sure to participate in class discussions. Since they will be writing their own essays, it is essential that they feel as though they are truly a part of the class.The essay topics can include personal experiences, personal observations, and personal opinions. Students should think about how they will feel about the characters of the story when they are actually writing the paper. This will help them understand why they should choose the topics that they should choose.Reading about the history of Peter Pan is important. Knowing whathas already been written will give students a more concrete idea of what they can write about in their essay.Students can research the different Peter Pan essay topics to make sure that they are writing about the topic they are interested in. When students are interested in writing about Peter Pan, they should look at how they can research this topic properly. They can do this by reading sources and participating in class discussions.

The First African-American Church in the U.S.

The African Methodist Episcopal Church, also called AME Church, was established by the Reverend Richard Allen in 1816. Allen founded the denomination in Philadelphia to unite African-American Methodist churches in the North. These congregations wanted to be free from white Methodists who historically had not allowed African-Americans to worship in desegregated pews.   As founder of the AME Church, Allen was consecrated  as its first bishop. The AME Church is a unique denomination in the Wesleyan tradition--it is the only religion in the western hemisphere to develop from the sociological needs of its members. It is also the first African-American denomination in the United States. God our Father, Christ our Redeemer, Man our Brother —David Alexander Payne Organizational Mission Since its establishment in 1816, the AME Church has worked to minister to the needs--spiritual, physical, emotional, intellectual and environmental--of people. Using liberation theology, the AME seeks to help those in need by preaching the gospel of Christ, providing food for the hungry, providing homes, encouraging those who have fallen on hard times as well as economic advancement, and providing employment opportunities to those in need. The History of the AME Church In 1787, the AME Church was established out of the Free African Society, an organization developed by Allen and Absalom Jones, who led African-American parishioners of St. Georges Methodist Episcopal Church to leave the congregation because of the racism and discrimination they faced. Together, this group of African-Americans would transform a mutual aid society into a congregation for people of African descent. In 1792, Jones founded the African Church in Philadelphia, an African-American church free from white control. Desiring to become an Episcopal parish, the church opened in 1794 as the African Episcopal Church and became the first black church in Philadelphia. However, Allen wanted to remain Methodist and led a small group to form the Mother Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church in 1793. For the next several years, Allen fought for his congregation to worship free from white Methodist congregations. After winning these cases, other African-American Methodist churches  that were also encountering racism wanted independence. These congregations to Allen for leadership. As a result, these communities came together in 1816 to form a new Wesleyan denomination known as the AME Church. Before the abolition of slavery, most AME congregations could be found in Philadelphia, New York City, Boston, Pittsburgh, Baltimore, Cincinnati, Cleveland, and Washington D.C. By the 1850s, the AME Church had reached San Francisco, Stockton, and Sacramento. Once slavery ended, the AME Churchs membership in the South increased tremendously, reaching 400,000 members by 1880 in states such as South Carolina, Kentucky, Georgia, Florida, Alabama and Texas. And by 1896, the AME Church could boast membership on two continents--North America and Africa--as there were churches established in Liberia, Sierra Leone, and South Africa. AME Church Philosophy The AME Church follows the doctrines of the Methodist Church. However, the denomination follows the Episcopal form of church government, having bishops as religious leaders. Also, since the denomination was founded and organized by African-Americans, its theology is based on the needs of people of African descent. Early Notable Bishops Since its inception, the AME Church has cultivated African-American men and women who could synthesize their religious teachings with a fight for social injustice. For example,  Benjamin Arnett addressed the 1893 Worlds Parliament of Religions, arguing that people of African descent have helped develop Christianity.  Additionally,  Benjamin Tucker Tanner wrote, An Apology for African Methodism in 1867 and The Color of Solomon in 1895. AME Colleges and Universities Education has always played an important role in the AME Church. Even before slavery was abolished in 1865, the AME Church began establishing schools to train young African-American men and women. Many of these schools are still active today and include senior colleges Allen University, Wilberforce University, Paul Quinn College, and Edward Waters College; junior college, Shorter College; theological seminaries, Jackson Theological Seminary, Payne Theological Seminary and Turner Theological Seminary. The AME Church Today The AME Church now has membership in thirty-nine countries on five continents. There are currently twenty-one bishops in active leadership and nine general officers who oversee various departments of the AME Church.

Challenges Faced by Amazon, SWOT Analysis, Porters Five Forces, and B Case Study

Essays on Challenges Faced by Amazon, SWOT Analysis, Porters Five Forces, and BCG Matrix Case Study The paper â€Å"Challenges Faced by Amazon, SWOT Analysis, Porter’s Five Forces, and BCG Matrix† is a   Ã‚  breathtaking example of a case study on e-commerce. Amazom.com is a perfect example of the impact of the internet revolution and how such developments have changed the business scene. As a virtual company, it marks the influence of the internet on conventional business strategies mode and theories (Reading 2004). This report will analyze the Amazon business model and macro factors affecting the company’s future. The report addresses Amazon through its two recognized SBU’s North America (domestic) and international markets. The SWOT analysis will evaluate Amazon's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. The porter’s five forces analysis will give insight into the online retailing industry and Amazon's competitive advantage over its rivals. This report will look at Amazon’s product portfolio and its market share in each categ ory. The report has given a recommendation to improve Amazon’s performance in the future.Industry overviewInternet access has been growing steadily over the past 15 years and continues to grow in the future as well (Heinemann Schwarzl 2010). This is a booming industry. There are few barriers to entry therefore fiercely competitive industry. The industry provides an alternative to the physical retailing industry which gives customers more choice because they can look for more suppliers supplying the same service. The online companies do not have to pay huge rent for the prime location but they have another technology cost.Amazon overviewAmazon.com is an American based online retail company. Founded by Jeff Bezos in 1994, the company was established as an online bookstore in July 1995 in Washington (Mennen 2006; Annual report 2009). The company was reincorporated again in 1996 in the state of Delaware. The company got listed on May 15, 1997, on NASDAQ stock exchange under the symbol ‘AMZN’ (Amazon Annual Report 2009). Amazon.com is the market leader in the e-commerce business. In a span of five years after the listing, the company’s revenue had grown from â€Å"$147.8 million to over $ 3.93 billion with sales registering a 26% growth in the fiscal year 2001† (Mennen 5; Cummings Worley, 332). However, investors did not gain a lot as the firm plowed back the profits in developing a number of warehouses and distribution centers across the country (McGrath MacMillan 2009). Today the company has become a multinational company successfully operating in many countries such as Japan, UK, and Germany (Annual report 2009). The company measures its success on the basis of the value it creates for its shareholders. The company believes in investing in its employees and benefiting from its talent. The company rewards its employees through shares rather than cash to motivate them to work in the best interest of shareholders. Amazon offers the world the largest selection of products making it the leading online shopping site throughout the world (Regan 2008). Amazon is one of the top brands in the online retailing industry.The company had an early mover advantage in the industry as one of the pioneer online retailers (Mennen 2006). Originally, the firm was a simple online low price bookstore before expanding to include CDs and DVDs in 1998. The company’s business model is to generate a large number of sales with a low margin profit which necessitated a change in strategy (Annual report 2009). In 1999, the firm engaged in networking as a growth strategy. Non-Amazon products such as used books and individual auctions of different products were placed under tabs on the company’s website and were not allowed to mix with the firm’s products. Such tabs were the ‘auctions’ tab and the ‘shop’ tab (Cummings Worley 2009). This strategy was later reviewed to allow small businesses placed under tabs to place their products in Amazon’s most visited sites at a fee. Another program, merchants@amazon.com, allowed larger partner retailers such as Office Depot, Circuit City and Borders Books to access Amazon’s customers for a service fee and commission while Amazon retained inventory ownership and controlled prices. Another business arrangement with firms such as Drugstore allowed Amazon users to be transferred to other websites with Amazon receiving a commission based on the number of visitors transferred (Cummings Worley 2009). In the recent past, the firm has entered the manufacturing industry through its Kindle brand an electronic reading device (Kaye Quinn 2010).

Congressional reconstruction

Congressional reconstruction- civil war Essay The governments established under Congressional Reconstruction made notable and lasting achievements. One positive outcome that resulted was the Civil Rights Act of 1866, which extended citizenship to African Americans and listed certain rights of all citizens such as the right to own property, bring lawsuits, and testify in court. Another major outcome was the Fifteenth Amendment, which prohibited the states from denying the right to vote because of a persons race or because a person had been a slave. This finally granted African Americans the right to vote and marked an important change in the history of our country. A negative outcome resulted politically from congressional Reconstruction. Many of the federal laws concerning reconstruction led to the strengthening of the federal government at the expense of the states. These new laws often placed significant restrictions on state actions on the ground that the rights of national citizenship took precedence over the powers of state governments leading to an increase in sectional bitterness, an intensification of the racial issue, and the development of one-party politics in the South. Stemming from this infringement of states rights and intensified by the election of 1868 was another negative outcome. Fierce activities were stirred up by groups such as the KKK- violence became prominent, and terrorists and mobs attacked many people- mostly Republicans and blacks. The end of slavery brought new expectations for all African Americans, whether they had been slaves or not. Taking advantage of the new choices that freedom opened, they tried to create independent lives for themselves, and they developed social institutions that helped to define black communities. African Americans also expected political and economic equality. Few were able to acquire land of their own- a significant constraint on their economic choices- and most became either wage laborers or sharecroppers. Having no land, no tools, and no money, the freed slaves had only their personal labor to sell. Most white southerners expected to keep African Americans in a subordinate role through black codes and violence, and these things also posed a major constraint for the free slaves. Though freedom did not come to all slaves at the same time or in the same way, in the end, the outcome of Reconstruction failed to fulfill most African Americans expectations for freedom and equality. .

Langston Hughes Research Paper Essay Example

Langston Hughes Research Paper Paper When one looks at the life of Langston Hughes, it becomes apparent that his life experiences had a profound impact on his writings. Langston Hughes used his writing as a way to fight the injustice that blacks in America faced daily; he viewed his book as his weapon for African American equality (Ostrom 81). Others, who read Hughes’ work during his lifetime, were very much influenced, despite their race. Non-blacks learned to accept and learn that African American artists were an essential part of American art and culture and would continue to be as time advanced. With his career in writing, Hughes was not interested in the fame it brought; he just wanted others to understand the message he was trying to send, â€Å"Perhaps the mission of an artist is to interpret the beauty to the people-the beauty within themselves† (Dace 70). Langston Hughes did not often focus on the brutality of American racism as a theme for his poems. A rare instance of the brutality used as a theme for a poem of his is shown in Hughes’ poem entitled, â€Å"Song for a Dark Girl.† Hughes writes: â€Å"Way Down South in Dixie (Break the heart if me) They hung my dark young lover To a cross roads tree. Way Down South in Dixie (Bruised body high in the air) I asked the white Lord Jesus What was the use of prayer. Way Down South in Dixie (Break the heart of me) Love is a naked shadow On a gnarled and naked tree.† (Barksdale 77) The poem is written entirely in the tone of bitter irony. The poem’s focus is on violence towards a young black woman, and also on the grief she experiences (Dace 73). We will write a custom essay sample on Langston Hughes Research Paper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Langston Hughes Research Paper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Langston Hughes Research Paper specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Another social issue which became an essential theme in the writing of Langston Hughes was economic justice. Hughes became interested in the subject during the Great Depression of America during the 1930’s. Hughes often traveled extensively due to his participation in complicated, annual lecture tours, because of this he often gained knowledge and related and compared black lifestyles and treatment in America to that of other society’s treatment of blacks. After visiting Russia for three weeks, having the mindset that socialism would end the issue of economic injustice, Hughes changed his mind. He saw that people were not equal and the government did not do their part to help improve that (). While visiting France and seeing that the French society as a whole treated him very well and as their equal, Hughes imagined having this sort of freedom and luxury at home in America. Although Hughes did not often focus on the theme of racism in his poetry, he did usually focus on the comparison of whites and blacks. Hughes constantly remained well informed about everything to come and everything taking place in the black society of America (Dace 77). Hughes had many influences to his poetry writing, including Walt Whitman and Carl Sandburg, these two men wrote about the humanity of all people regardless of factors such as class, race, gender, and age, this was very important to Hughes. Hughes’ very first collection of poetry, entitled The Ways of White Folks, shows his effort to present a clear and distinct gap between white and African American ways and views of life. It also focuses on the obvious hypocrisy of whites in matters dealing with race. In all of Hughes’ writing dealing with the matter of differences between races, Hughes uses a distinctly ironic and unsentimental tone. Steven C, Tracy, writes on Langston Hughes, â€Å"The acceptance that Hughes sought was not only for himself but the black oral tradition†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Barksdale 116). As an African American himself, Hughes wanted to express not only his personal experiences as a black American but also that of the experiences of the community of blacks in general. Hughes, however, was not entirely considered a part of the people for whom he wrote about and loved so much. Due to Hughes’ â€Å"mixed blood† and the fact that he was a lighter skinned African American, with an arrogant family who chose to move in white crowds, attend white schools, and with a father who looked down upon the lower black class, Hughes was viewed by American blacks as an outsider (Dace 86). Despite all of that, Hughes was proud to be an African America, he loved Africa, his land of ancestry and was extremely devastated to find that, in Africa, he was considered to be a white man. Hughes’ first commitment in his writing was to that of the African American community and that his writing reaches out to all readers. He wanted to capture the dominant traditions of black people in written form. Hughes’ purpose may have been achieved, as today his book of poetry, The Crisis (1921), can be considered the most important journal of black life (Dace 90). In his writing, Hughes celebrates the beauty of African American speech, and the black community’s jokes, stories, music, and church sermons. One community Hughes never tired of writing about was that of the black community on Seventh Street in Washington D.C., he loved the sights, sounds, and spirits of the people here and he tried to capture all of it in his poetry. With his writing, Hughes helped lift the spirits of blacks and make them proud of their culture’s history and heritage (Dace 101). To be black and American were two highly separate identities in the eyes of Langston Hughes; they were two despairs within the same soul. In Hughes’ early poems on segregation, such as â€Å"I, Too, Sing America† Hughes focuses in on the difficulties of being black, but shows that he is also proud: â€Å"I, too, sing America. I am the darker brother. They send me to eat in the kitchen When company comes, But I laugh And eat well, And grow strong. Tomorrow, I’ll be at the table When company comes. Nobody’ll dare Say to me, ‘Eat in the kitchen,’ Then. Besides, They’ll see how beautiful I am And be ashamed– I, too, am America.† (Dace 103) Hughes was very passionate about the mistreatment of blacks in the south, the fact that blacks had to move off of the sidewalks for whites to pass, and there was no eye contact allowed to those of black to whites, greatly angered and disturbed him, driving him to write more poems about the mistreatment of him and his people. His later poems dealing with equality, although still somewhat pessimistic, suggested that idea that at some point in the future, the lifestyle of African Americans would be bright (Dace 125).Langston Hughes is greatly known for his writing on the Harlem Renaissance, an era of celebration for African Americans and their arts. Hughes viewed Harlem as more than a place; he was interested in its people and everything about them, from their manners to their dreams. He used the people and things in Harlem in much of his writing, from murder in the streets of Harlem to the gospels sung in church on Sunday mornings. The Harlem Renaissance allowed Hughes the freedom to focus on exclusively blacks and their lifestyle and to leave the issue of the conflict of races alone (Barksdale 123). Langston Hughes is a great figure in the history of African Americans, and in the history of our country as a whole. His ideas and unique methods of writing have developed into great techniques for many other artists and are still used today. Hughes was never afraid to write on topics close to him and did this with great pride and ability. He dealt with his emotions, the issues of his race’s past, and critical social issues taking place during his lifetime. He has earned a lot of respect not only for himself through his writing, but also for his culture of people as a whole.

Intervention, Training and Rehabilitation Programs at UCI

Intervention, Training and Rehabilitation Programs at UCI Introduction Gang brutality is a problem in every town in the world. According to the department of justice, there are more than 700000 gang members in the United States alone. In addition, there are more than 20000 gangs in the United States. This paper will explore gang violence, intervention, training and rehabilitation programs at UCI.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Intervention, Training and Rehabilitation Programs at UCI specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Do street gang injunctions really work in the OC? Gang activities affect quality of life in communities it is practiced. Murder, rape, violence and drug abuse are some of the activities that lower quality of life in communities with pronounced gang activities. The United States has eight states, which have authority to get gang injunctions. California is one of the states that have utilized that authority in the past. Interestingly, California has experienced s uccess in implementing gang injunctions. On the other hand, Orange County has experienced mixed results over time. The county has eight cities in which gang injunctions are permanent. Results from the eight cities have shown significant reduction in crimes. The cities in which gang injunctions are permanent include Orange, Stanton and Anaheim, among others. Furthermore, evidences show that gang injunctions work in the Orange County. Nonetheless, the injunctions can only succeed when the community is engaged in implementing them. What are the impacts of mass imprisonment on families and children? The rate of mass incarceration has risen in the United States. In fact, according to the Institute for Policy Research (IPR), population of prisoners has skyrocketed. The organization estimates that over 600000 prisoners are released annually. Integrating incarcerated prisoners into the community is usually difficult. Incarcerations affect two main relationships in the family. The affected r elationships include father-child relationship and romantic relationship. Research has shown that incarcerated fathers tend to have damaged relations with their offspring. Moreover, incarceration has the propensity of severing romantic relationships. However, it should be noted that these effects are unevenly spread among residents. For instance, whites find it easier to integrate in the family more than their black counterparts do. Furthermore, families from poor background find it difficult to survive with increased expenses. Additionally, an incarcerated individual may develop a new attitude or behavior that affects the family.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Is imprisonment of a father always awful for families? Imprisonment of paternal parent has been found to be dreadful for families. Firstly, studies have shown that most children whose fathers are imprisoned exh ibit violent behaviors. In addition, most of incarcerated father’s children have attention problems, which can lead to further psychological problems. Incarceration of fathers, therefore, puts families through hardships, which can be economical, emotional, or physical. Studies also suggest that children whose paternal parents are nonresident also face problems due to incarceration. In essence, paternal incarceration has a great effect on children as well as mothers and other stakeholders tasked with helping the family. What are some of the best practices? Some of the best practices include providing specialized support to children affected by incarceration of their parents. This can be done by teachers, family members, caretakers, social providers and relatives, among others. Incarceration puts children at higher risk than other members of the family. Therefore, children affected by incarceration are usually given more attention by teachers and caretakers to help shape their future. Conclusion Crime is a problem in every country in the world. Gangs spring up with various criminal activities. Gang injunctions in Orange County have eased the rate of crime in the zoned areas. However, more needs to be done by engaging community to help with reducing gang activities.

Ceramic Definition and Chemistry

Ceramic Definition and Chemistry The word ceramic comes from the Greek word keramikos, which means of pottery. While the earliest ceramics were pottery, the term encompasses a large group of materials, including some pure elements. A ceramic is an inorganic, nonmetallic solid, generally based on an oxide, nitride, boride, or carbide, that is fired at a high temperature. Ceramics may be glazed prior to firing to produce a coating that reduces porosity and has a smooth, often colored surface. Many ceramics contain a mixture of ionic and covalent bonds between atoms. The resulting material may be crystalline, semi-crystalline, or vitreous. Amorphous materials with similar composition are generally termed glass. The four main types of ceramics are whitewares, structural ceramics, technical ceramics, and refractories. Whitewares include cookware, pottery, and wall tiles. Structural ceramics include bricks, pipes, roofing tiles, and floor tiles. Technical ceramics are also know as special, fine, advanced, or engineered ceramics. This class includes bearings, special tiles (e.g. spacecraft heat shielding), biomedical implants, ceramic brakes, nuclear fuels, ceramic engines,  and ceramic coatings. Refractories are ceramics used to make crucibles, line kilns, and radiate heat in gas fireplaces. How Ceramics Are Made Raw materials for ceramics include clay, kaolinate, aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, and certain pure elements. The raw materials are combined with water to form a mix that can be shaped or molded. Ceramics are difficult to work after they are made, so usually they are shaped into their final desired forms. The form is allowed to dry and is fired in an oven called a kiln. The firing process supplies the energy to form new chemical bonds in the material (vitrification) and sometimes new minerals (e.g., mullite forms from kaolin in the firing of porcelain). Waterproof, decorative, or functional glazes may be added prior to the first firing or may require a subsequent firing (more common). The first firing of a ceramic yields a product called the bisque. The first firing burns off organics and other volatile impurities. The second (or third) firing may be called glazing. Examples and Uses  of Ceramics Pottery, bricks, tiles, earthenware, china, and porcelain are common examples of ceramics. These materials are well-known for use in building, crafting, and art. There are many other ceramic materials: In the past, glass was considered a ceramic, because its an inorganic solid that is fired and treated much like a ceramic. However, because glass is an amorphous solid, glass is usually considered to be a separate material. The ordered internal structure of ceramics plays a large role in their properties.Solid pure silicon and carbon may be considered to be ceramics. In a strict sense, a diamond could be called a ceramic.Silicon carbide and tungsten carbide are technical ceramics that have high abrasion resistance, making them useful for body armor, wear plates for mining, and machine components.Uranium oxide (UO2 is a ceramic used as a nuclear reactor fuel.Zirconia (zirconium dioxide) is used to make ceramic knife blades, gems, fuel cells, and oxygen sensors.Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a semiconductor.Boron oxide is used to make body armor.Bismuth strontium copper oxide and magnesium diboride (MgB2) are superconductors.Steatite (magnesium silicate) is used as an electrical insulator.Barium titanate is used to make heating elements, capacitors, transducers, and data storage elements. Ceramic artifacts are useful in archaeology and paleontology because their chemical composition can be used to identify their origin. This includes not only the composition of clay, but also that of the temper the materials added during production and drying. Properties of Ceramics Ceramics include such a wide variety of materials that its difficult to generalize their characteristics. Most ceramics exhibit the following properties: High hardnessUsually brittle, with poor toughnessHigh melting pointChemical resistancePoor electrical and thermal conductivityLow ductilityHigh modulus of elasticityHigh compression strengthOptical transparency to a variety of wavelengths Exceptions include superconducting and piezoelectric ceramics. Related Terms The science of the preparation and characterization of ceramics is called ceramography. Composite materials are made up of more than one class of material, which may include ceramics. Examples of composites include carbon fiber and fiberglass. A cermet is a type of composite material containing ceramic and metal. A glasss of glass-ceramics include glass stove tops and the glass composite used to bind nuclear waste for disposal.

National Response Framework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

National Response Framework - Essay Example An obvious strength of the NRF is its emphasis on engaged partnership and shared responsibilities and roles at all levels by all stakeholders. Further, NRF has aligned its objectives with its capabilities at local, state, and federal levels. That is, according to the NRF, all the responsibilities and resources are aligned at all levels so that no level is overwhelmed during crises (Office of Homeland Security 2002). Second, the tiered approach to responding to crises ensures that catastrophes are dealt with the lowest possible level, only to be supported when need arises due to the severity of a crisis. The National Response Framework also has not only adaptable but also scalable and flexible operations and capabilities so that the operations are implemented even if crises change in scope and severity. Nonetheless, there is still a lot of room to improve the NRF. An area in which the NRF may be improved is funding. That is, clarity should be established on federal, state, local, and private-donor responsibilities in terms of funding. In fact, the federal and state governments should entirely fund crises responses with regards to cash grants, legal aid, temporary shelter, food supplies, and home repairs. Additionally, all victims, their socioeconomic statuses notwithstanding, should be supported to full recovery rather than concentrating on a particular class of victims. Thus, the episodic funding of emergencies in which non-profit responders such as the Red Cross only reach out for help after disasters and negotiation for federal grants take place after each emergency should also stop. Funds should thus be made available so that responses are fast whenever emergencies

BUSCOM wk2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

BUSCOM wk2 - Essay Example Most importantly, in a highly diverse society in the current era of rapid globalization and advancing technology, effective communication becomes the major enabling element of promoting cross cultural understanding and resolving conflicts amicably. Hence, within the wider scope of human interaction, the various modes of verbal and non-verbal communication facilitate development of mutually beneficial bonds. The demonstrative or non-verbal communication especially, becomes highly pertinent as it can create misunderstanding or resolve differences between two people to forge long lasting association. The non-verbal formats of communication are very important elements that send critical message to speaker as well as to the listener. Sender and receiver both are keys to demonstrative communication. These messages are sent through body language vis-a-vis gestures, behavior, tone of voice that is used in conversation, physical appearance and dress code etc. They are important elements to di sseminate essential information like sincerity, consciousness, confidence and integrity of the individuals (Guirdham, 2002). Facial expressions strongly send messages of personal emotions. They reflect positive or negative sentiments of the sender or receiver when messages are sent or acknowledged. Different meanings are attached to myriad facial expressions. A smile shows happy demeanor while grimace shows distaste. These can also carry different message to different cultures. Negative expressions tend to spoil relations and create animosity. Grin is another facial expression with ambiguous message that may convey happy state, interest or even reflect arrogance. But mostly, smile expresses positive feeling as a result of finding something funny in the communicated message. It is therefore construed as positive communication. I try not to grimace even when something does not please me as it might adversely impact social or professional relationship. Indeed, facial expressions are cr itical factors that carry often carry different messages in different cultures. In Arabic culture, too much smiling reflects shallowness. Body language is vital means of expressing moods and attitude of individuals. Slouched posture or fidgeting often indicates discomfort while upright position shows confidence. Eye contact reveals that person would be honest in his communication and indicates confidence on his knowledge of the subject which he/she believes can be clearly communicated. On the other hand, if an individual is either looking down or focusing elsewhere, he is either lacking in confidence or he has not been honest. As such, his verbal communication would be less effective and would not promote trust. Listening intently is also very crucial aspect of no-verbal communication that helps develop mutual trust and confidence. In professional arena, it serves as important tool for reassuring colleagues and team mates or subordinates that their view points are being listened to. In an office, listening intently to the problems of others helps to sort it out early and facilitates in creating an environment of shared learning and mutual respect. Another very significant format of demonstrative communication is the tone of the voice while exchanging messages or information. The tone of the individual is powerful tool that is able to send strong positive or negative emotions. When one is

Critiquing a Clique Site :: Essays Papers

Critiquing a Clique Site Looking back, I realize that as a high school student, I was a member of a clique. I was in the â€Å"band geek† clique, but still, it was a clique. We had our own members, we snubbed some of those that didn’t belong in our group (well, the ones who had their own cliques and that snubbed us first), and we all got along well enough. This is what high school is about: groups. A high school student has to be in a group of some kind, or else something is wrong with that person in the eyes of other students. This is the way of the clique. That is why I have chosen to do my research paper on cliques, and I have chosen to do this paper for those people who know everything about the internet, and nothing about cliques. I found the site, http://www.mgh.org/wcc/teensite/adults/articles/cliques.html. This site deals with healthy choices for kids in grades six to eight, and was published by the Marquette General Hospital in 1998. This site is a good resource for parents a nd teens alike so they know how to deal with the pressure of cliques. The hardships of being in a clique can take their toll on a young teenager, first being part of the in group, then having a falling out and being enemies with those who were friends just days before. This is just one part of the dark side of cliques; the other, more worse part is being a scapegoat for a clique. This is usually a former member of the clique that was outcast, or it is an outsider that has been picked to be the target of humiliation by the clique. There is also the torment of being a former member no longer liked by the group. This ridicule is different for boys and girls: girls will most likely be ridiculed verbally, or will be given the silent treatment; boys will become the target of physical abuse. This site is to help parents learn how to deal with such treatment. The site says first for parents to be proactive. This will help them learn about their child’s social status, and will help them learn about their child’s friends. One of the best ways to find this information is to be active in the child’s class, volunteering for field trips, and helping out will give the parent some idea about what is going on in the class.

Nissan Planning New Fuel-cell Vehicle

The global environment has been afflicted to a considerable extent by the conventional combustion engines of the vehicles, creating certain problems of global interest like exhaust emission, global warming and increased dependence on fossil fuel. (Paul Nieuwenhuis, Peter Wells, 2003)It has been estimated that fossil fuels are a limited resource. Nissan has always played a key role in automotive industry and foreseen that mobility is an inevitable part of economic development of any country. Nissan has contributed his share by harnessing the technological strengths that has accumulated over many years of its dedication and ever-changing discoveries.The basic charm in the philosophy of fuel cell vehicle is in its environment friendliness. It is expected to play an evermore important role as a clean energy vehicle. Main feature of fuel cell vehicle is that electrical energy is obtained by the chemical reaction of hydrogen and water. In this reaction sole emission is water which is alrea dy the part of ecosystem means least or almost no pollution. The electrical energy obtained in this manner will be utilized to get it converted into mechanical driving force by a number of engineering processes. (Lloyd Dixon, Isaac Porche, Jonathan Kulick, 2002).The Nissan FCV employs elements of a variety of technologies, including electric vehicle (EV), hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), and compressed natural gas vehicle (CNGV) technologies.Nissan's FCV applies technologies that have been developed in Nissan, such as lithium ion batteries and high voltage electric systems for electric vehicles, control technologies for hybrid vehicles and high pressure gas storage systems for CNGV. Nissan has been developing FCVs that endeavors to accomplish outstanding environmental and energy-saving capacity. (Geographical, 2003)Nissan Canada Inc. (NCI) declared in February 2006, a program that will put its newest fuel cell-equipped vehicle to the test trial for analysis. The new seventy mega Pasca l (MPa) high-pressure hydrogen-powered Nissan X-Trail FCV (fuel cell vehicle) was at home in Canada for testing, which will take place in the vicinity of the Greater Vancouver. The Nissan X-Trail FCV encloses a hydrogen fuel cylinder manufactured by Dynetek Industries Ltd. of Calgary, Alta. The important thing about this cylinder is that it has been built in Canada.The vehicle is under test at Surrey, B.C.-based Powertech Labs Inc., an entirely owned auxiliary of BC Hydro, in collaboration with Fuel Cells Canada. Fuel Cells Canada administers the Hydrogen Highway, a synchronized, large-scale presentation and utilization program intended to accelerate the commercialization of hydrogen and fuel-cell technologies. Nissan joined these organizations in Surrey to start the testing.â€Å"Through Nissan's advances in hydrogen fuel cell technology, we hope to improve the practicality of fuel cells as a future clean power source,†These are the words uttered by John Junker-Andersen, Dir ector, Parts, Service and Quality Assurance at NCI. He further added,â€Å"Together with the assistance of Powertech and BC Hydro, we are working hard to make the benefits of fuel cells and their promise of high efficiency and zero emissions a viable reality.†A fuel cell vehicle is in consequence an electric vehicle, using a fuel cell to alter hydrogen and oxygen into electricity. The electricity is produced by a chemical reaction inside the fuel cell stack when hydrogen from the fuel cylinder merges with oxygen in air. The only by-product is water, making FCVs completely emissions-free. Robb Thompson, Dynetek Industries Ltd said,â€Å"With partners such as Nissan and BC Hydro, we are able to test compressed hydrogen in real world situations,†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Through these tests, we have demonstrated that compressed hydrogen is the best commercially suitable alternative for the success of the hydrogen economy.†nyne-ngvp.orgNissan will test the vehicle in a number of enviro nments and drive cycles, including moderate cold-weather, high-speed hill climbs and highway driving, to evaluate the vehicle's capabilities and the hydrogen fuel system's performance.Livio Gambone, Manager, Vehicle Programs at Powertech said,â€Å"As members of the Hydrogen Highway(TM), we are pleased to support Nissan's vehicle testing program,†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Our climate and geography, plus access to our seventy MPa hydrogen filling station, make the Vancouver area the best and only place to test the viability and endurance of this FCV.†The seventy MPa high-pressure hydrogen-powered Nissan X-Trail FCV is the company's most-recent developmental fuel cell vehicle. Equipped with the first-ever Nissan-constructed fuel cell stack, the X-Trail FCV also boasts a more compact design and increased power. A previous 2003 model offered a cruising range of 350 km, but thanks to improved stack efficiency and a 30 percent increase in the high-pressure Dynetek hydrogen cylinder's storage ca pacity, the new X-Trail FCV is expected to achieve a cruising range of more than 500 km.John Tak, President and CEO, Fuel Cells Canada said,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"We applaud Nissan Canada's decision to test their newest hydrogen powered fuel cell vehicle along the Hydrogen Highway(TM),† â€Å"As a world-leading centre for hydrogen and fuel cell expertise, British Columbia's Hydrogen Highway(TM) is an ideal proving ground to test and demonstrate these technologies.†Nissan has been working on FCV development since 1996. In addition to design and engineering work conducted in Japan, extensive testing and development has also been conducted in other markets, including the United States, where Nissan is a member of the California Fuel Cell Partnership (CaFCP). About Nissan Canada Inc. Nissan Canada Inc. is the Canadian sales, marketing and distribution subsidiary of Nissan Motor Limited and Nissan North America, Inc. With offices in Vancouver (BC), Mississauga (ON), and Kirkland (QC), N issan Canada directly employs two hundred and ninety staff, while one hundred and forty six independent businesses hold exclusive Nissan dealerships and twenty nine hold exclusive Infinity dealerships. (Jim Motavalli, 2003).Ten years devotion of Nissan for fuel-cell research has evolved as the latest FCV X-Trail sport/utility vehicle. Nissan engineered and assembled a fuel stack in-house and its most recent unit manages to squeeze the stack’s sophisticated technology in a smaller and lighter package. The new stack develops 120 horse power—35 horse power more than the one fixed to the previous 2003 FCV X-Trail. As a consequence the new model put forward better linear speeding up and response, higher top speed too.Fuel cell packaging has gifted the new vehicle with more freed passenger space. The lithium-ion battery pack, that is stored under the trunk floor, is also built smaller, permitting for more goods room. In addition to this the smaller fuel-cell unit releases 40 percent extra space under the front seats.The considerable egg shaped hydrogen tank, which is lined by aluminium in its inner wall and strengthened with carbon fiber in its outer covering posed substantial packaging problem. Nissan has resolved it by placing it under the rear seats with resultant diminished headroom. The texture of the new tank provides it with greater accommodative capacity imparting thirty percent more hydrogen storage capacity that has a great impact on vehicle cruising mileage, sometimes attaining three hundred and twelve miles.The vehicle X-trial has been observed efficient on the road. Drive of this car is as easy operative as selective drive and tapping into the zero-emission power once the onboard computer system indicates the green signal. Nissan has manufactured the FCV X-trail to bestow the drivers a feeling of normal driving experience a part from the apparent lack of a noxious exhaust. In fact the car is being propelled by the electrical energy generat ed as a result of discussed chemical reaction. Since a train-like motor sound is audible from the background, however it is never annoying. (Robert L. Olson, 2003).The X-Trail accelerates readily up to a seventy mile per hour cruising speed and easily achieves a ninety three miles per hour top speed.Japanese government has approved public road testing and leasing of the Nissan’s latest fuel cell vehicles due to  Nissan’s determined hard work and research in the field of fuel cell technology. Let us see when Nissan markets its matchless vehicle for the use of consumers.References:Geographical (2003). Cleaning Up the World's Exhaust Pipes: They're Quiet, Efficient, Run on Renewable Energy Sources and Their Exhaust Is Just a Cloud of Water Vapour. Could the Rise of Fuel-Cell Vehicles Spell the End of the Internal Combustion Engine? Magazine article; Vol. 75, AugustJack Doyle (2000). Taken for a Ride: Detroit's Big Three and the Politics of Pollution; Four Walls Eight Wi ndowsJim Motavalli (2003). Power Plays: Fuel Cells Are Reaching the Market, in What Could Be a $100 Billion Industry; E, Vol. 14, JanuaryLloyd Dixon, Isaac Porche, Jonathan Kulick (2002). Driving Emissions to Zero: Are the Benefits of California's Zero Emission Vehicle Program Worth the Costs; RandPaul Nieuwenhuis, Peter Wells (2003). The Automotive Industry and the Environment: A Technical, Business and Social Future; CRC PressRobert L. Olson (2003). The Promise and Pitfalls of Hydrogen Energy: Nonpolluting and Renewable, Hydrogen Energy Holds Great Promise as an Energy Alternative in the Future. Here's a Look at What's Right about Hydrogen Energy- and How It Can Go Wrong; The Futurist, Vol. 37, Julynyne-ngvp.org Nissan Planning New Fuel-cell Vehicle The global environment has been afflicted to a considerable extent by the conventional combustion engines of the vehicles, creating certain problems of global interest like exhaust emission, global warming and increased dependence on fossil fuel. (Paul Nieuwenhuis, Peter Wells, 2003)It has been estimated that fossil fuels are a limited resource. Nissan has always played a key role in automotive industry and foreseen that mobility is an inevitable part of economic development of any country. Nissan has contributed his share by harnessing the technological strengths that has accumulated over many years of its dedication and ever-changing discoveries.The basic charm in the philosophy of fuel cell vehicle is in its environment friendliness. It is expected to play an evermore important role as a clean energy vehicle. Main feature of fuel cell vehicle is that electrical energy is obtained by the chemical reaction of hydrogen and water. In this reaction sole emission is water which is alrea dy the part of ecosystem means least or almost no pollution. The electrical energy obtained in this manner will be utilized to get it converted into mechanical driving force by a number of engineering processes. (Lloyd Dixon, Isaac Porche, Jonathan Kulick, 2002).  The Nissan FCV employs elements of a variety of technologies, including electric vehicle (EV), hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), and compressed natural gas vehicle (CNGV) technologies.Nissan's FCV applies technologies that have been developed in Nissan, such as lithium ion batteries and high voltage electric systems for electric vehicles, control technologies for hybrid vehicles and high pressure gas storage systems for CNGV. Nissan has been developing FCVs that endeavors to accomplish outstanding environmental and energy-saving capacity. (Geographical, 2003)Nissan Canada Inc. (NCI) declared in February 2006, a program that will put its newest fuel cell-equipped vehicle to the test trial for analysis. The new seventy mega P ascal (MPa) high-pressure hydrogen-powered Nissan X-Trail FCV (fuel cell vehicle) was at home in Canada for testing, which will take place in the vicinity of the Greater Vancouver. The Nissan X-Trail FCV encloses a hydrogen fuel cylinder manufactured by Dynetek Industries Ltd. of Calgary, Alta. The important thing about this cylinder is that it has been built in Canada. The vehicle is under test at Surrey, B.C.-based Powertech Labs Inc., an entirely owned auxiliary of BC Hydro, in collaboration with Fuel Cells Canada. Fuel Cells Canada administers the Hydrogen Highway, a synchronized, large-scale presentation and utilization program intended to accelerate the commercialization of hydrogen and fuel-cell technologies. Nissan joined these organizations in Surrey to start the testing.â€Å"Through Nissan's advances in hydrogen fuel cell technology, we hope to improve the practicality of fuel cells as a future clean power source,†Ã‚  These are the words uttered by John Junker-Ande rsen, Director, Parts, Service and Quality Assurance at NCI. He further added,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Together with the assistance of Powertech and BC Hydro, we are working hard to make the benefits of fuel cells and their promise of high efficiency and zero emissions a viable reality.†A fuel cell vehicle is in consequence an electric vehicle, using a fuel cell to alter hydrogen and oxygen into electricity. The electricity is produced by a chemical reaction inside the fuel cell stack when hydrogen from the fuel cylinder merges with oxygen in air. The only by-product is water, making FCVs completely emissions-free. Robb Thompson, Dynetek Industries Ltd said,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"With partners such as Nissan and BC Hydro, we are able to test compressed hydrogen in real world situations,†Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Through these tests, we have demonstrated that compressed hydrogen is the best commercially suitable alternative for the success of the hydrogen economy.†Nissan will test the vehicle in a number o f environments and drive cycles, including moderate cold-weather, high-speed hill climbs and highway driving, to evaluate the vehicle's capabilities and the hydrogen fuel system's performance.  Livio Gambone, Manager, Vehicle Programs at Powertech said,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"As members of the Hydrogen Highway(TM), we are pleased to support Nissan's vehicle testing program,†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Our climate and geography, plus access to our seventy MPa hydrogen filling station, make the Vancouver area the best and only place to test the viability and endurance of this FCV.†The seventy MPa high-pressure hydrogen-powered Nissan X-Trail FCV is the company's most-recent developmental fuel cell vehicle. Equipped with the first-ever Nissan-constructed fuel cell stack, the X-Trail FCV also boasts a more compact design and increased power. A previous 2003 model offered a cruising range of 350 km, but thanks to improved stack efficiency and a 30 percent increase in the high-pressure Dynetek hydrogen cylin der's storage capacity, the new X-Trail FCV is expected to achieve a cruising range of more than 500 km.John Tak, President and CEO, Fuel Cells Canada said,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"We applaud Nissan Canada's decision to test their newest hydrogen powered fuel cell vehicle along the Hydrogen Highway(TM),† â€Å"As a world-leading centre for hydrogen and fuel cell expertise, British Columbia's Hydrogen Highway(TM) is an ideal proving ground to test and demonstrate these technologies.†Nissan has been working on FCV development since 1996. In addition to design and engineering work conducted in Japan, extensive testing and development has also been conducted in other markets, including the United States, where Nissan is a member of the California Fuel Cell Partnership (CaFCP). About Nissan Canada Inc. Nissan Canada Inc. is the Canadian sales, marketing and distribution subsidiary of Nissan Motor Limited and Nissan North America, Inc. With offices in Vancouver (BC), Mississauga (ON), and Kirkland (QC), Nissan Canada directly employs two hundred and ninety staff, while one hundred and forty six independent businesses hold exclusive Nissan dealerships and twenty nine hold exclusive Infinity dealerships. (Jim Motavalli, 2003).Ten years devotion of Nissan for fuel-cell research has evolved as the latest FCV X-Trail sport/utility vehicle. Nissan engineered and assembled a fuel stack in-house and its most recent unit manages to squeeze the stack’s sophisticated technology in a smaller and lighter package. The new stack develops 120 horse power—35 horse power more than the one fixed to the previous 2003 FCV X-Trail. As a consequence the new model put forward better linear speeding up and response, higher top speed too.Fuel cell packaging has gifted the new vehicle with more freed passenger space. The lithium-ion battery pack, that is stored under the trunk floor, is also built smaller, permitting for more goods room. In addition to this the smaller fuel-cell unit releases 40 percent extra space under the front seats.The considerable egg shaped hydrogen tank, which is lined by aluminium in its inner wall and strengthened with carbon fiber in its outer covering posed substantial packaging problem. Nissan has resolved it by placing it under the rear seats with resultant diminished headroom. The texture of the new tank provides it with greater accommodative capacity imparting thirty percent more hydrogen storage capacity that has a great impact on vehicle cruising mileage, sometimes attaining three hundred and twelve miles.The vehicle X-trial has been observed efficient on the road. Drive of this car is as easy operative as selective drive and tapping into the zero-emission power once the onboard computer system indicates the green signal. Nissan has manufactured the FCV X-trail to bestow the drivers a feeling of normal driving experience a part from the apparent lack of a noxious exhaust. In fact the car is being propelled by the electrica l energy generated as a result of discussed chemical reaction. Since a train-like motor sound is audible from the background, however it is never annoying. (Robert L. Olson, 2003).The X-Trail accelerates readily up to a seventy mile per hour cruising speed and easily achieves a ninety three miles per hour top speed.  Japanese government has approved public road testing and leasing of the Nissan’s latest fuel cell vehicles due to Nissan’s determined hard work and research in the field of fuel cell technology. Let us see when Nissan markets its matchless vehicle for the use of consumers.References:Geographical (2003). Cleaning Up the World's Exhaust Pipes: They're Quiet, Efficient, Run on Renewable Energy Sources and Their Exhaust Is Just a Cloud of Water Vapour. Could the Rise of Fuel-Cell Vehicles Spell the End of the Internal Combustion Engine? Magazine article; Vol. 75, AugustJack Doyle (2000). Taken for a Ride: Detroit's Big Three and the Politics of Pollution; Fo ur Walls Eight WindowsJim Motavalli (2003). Power Plays: Fuel Cells Are Reaching the Market, in What Could Be a $100 Billion Industry; E, Vol. 14, JanuaryLloyd Dixon, Isaac Porche, Jonathan Kulick (2002). Driving Emissions to Zero: Are the Benefits of California's Zero Emission Vehicle Program Worth the Costs; RandPaul Nieuwenhuis, Peter Wells (2003). The Automotive Industry and the Environment: A Technical, Business and Social Future; CRC PressRobert L. Olson (2003). The Promise and Pitfalls of Hydrogen Energy: Nonpolluting and Renewable, Hydrogen Energy Holds Great Promise as an Energy Alternative in the Future. Here's a Look at What's Right about Hydrogen Energy- and How It Can Go Wrong; The Futurist, Vol. 37, July

Questions On Rationale For Study Essay - 1884 Words

Table of contents 1. Introduction -------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 2. Background -------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 3. Rationale for Study ----------------------------------------------------------------------4 4. Purpose and Aims -----------------------------------------------------------------------5 5. Literature Review ------------------------------------------------------------------------6 6. Research methods ---------------------------------------------------------------------10 7. Expected findings ----------------------------------------------------------------------10 8. References -------------------------------------------------------------------------------11 1. Introduction Individuals migrate to other countries to gain more comfortable lifestyle and learning the inter-cultural relationships. New arrivals have their worries about the situations connected to racial engagements during their daily life. The exclusion is not just existing in schools, but also happening in the workplace in host countries (Soutphommasane 2013). New immigrants, especially the people who hold permanent resettlement visas, experience a new environment and have to play a new social role. Since they have their cultural backgrounds, they might find it difficult to associate with the host countries concerning their gender, mother tongue, education, race, and socialShow MoreRelatedPresenting the Rationale for the Field-Study, Its Aims and Scope, the Research Questions, Significance, Methods, and Design of the Field-Study.11884 Words   |  48 PagesCHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION This chapter aims at presenting the rationale for the field-study, its aims and scope, the research questions, significance, methods, and design of the field-study. 1.1 Introduction It is a common assertion that materials in general play a crucial part in language learning (Robinson, 1991; Nunan, 1991). This accounts for the fact that discussions of the roles of materials appear in almost all books on course design. Materials not only provide learners with a wide rangeRead MoreEssay about Mat 510 Week 3 Discussion Question950 Words   |  4 PagesMAT 510 WEEK 3 DISCUSSION QUESTION To purchase this visit following link: https://coursehomework.com/product/mat-510-week-3-discussion-question/ Contact us at: HELP@COURSEHOMEWORK.COM MAT 510 WEEK 3 DISCUSSION QUESTION 1. Per the textbook, to eliminate or reduce non-value-added work is a core step in improving profitability or efficiency of the business process. 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